tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-18496786234542593232024-03-13T08:09:15.301-07:00Facing Contemporary Challenges of Development in Sri Lanka: Relevance of Schumacher’s WorkE F Schumacher followerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17311601303813514752noreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1849678623454259323.post-19779255822155769332012-03-06T21:27:00.000-08:002012-03-06T21:27:08.566-08:00E F Schumacher is<br />
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<span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Ernst Friedrich Schumacher was born in
Germany in 1911. A Rhodes scholar at Oxford in the 1930’s, he fled back to
England before the Second World War to avoid living under Nazism. Although
Schumacher was interned as an enemy alien during the War, his extraordinary
abilities were recognized, and he was able to help the British government with
its economic and financial mobilization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">After the War, E. F. Schumacher worked
as an economic advisor to the British Control Commission charged with
rebuilding the German economy. From 1950 to 1970 he was Chief Economic Advisor
to the British Coal Board, one of the world’s largest organizations, with
800,000 employees. Schumacher's farsighted planning (he predicted the rise of
OPEC and the problems of nuclear power) aided Britain in its economic recovery.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">In 1955 Schumacher traveled to Burma
as an economic consultant. While there, he developed the principles of what he
called “Buddhist economics,” based on the belief that good work was essential
for proper human development and that “production from local resources for
local needs is the most rational way of economic life.” Schumacher also gained
insights that led him to become a pioneer of what is now called
"appropriate technology": earth- and user-friendly technology matched
to the scale of community life.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">E. F. Schumacher subsequently became a
featured writer—along with Leopold Kohr, John Papworth, Danilo Dolci, Paul
Goodman, John Seymour, and Satish Kumar in the British Journal <i>Resurgence</i>.
His best-selling book <i>Small Is Beautiful: Economics As If People
Mattered</i> (1973, republished by Hartley & Marks in 1999) has
influenced many readers to re-examine societal and personal choices regarding
the persistent demands of modern life. His two other books are <i>Good
Work</i>and <i>A Guide for the Perplexed</i>.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">From the E. F. Schumacher book <i>Small
is Beautiful</i> World Wisdom has included the "Epilogue" in our
collection </span><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;"><a href="http://www.worldwisdom.com/public/products/0-941532-47-X_Science_and_the_Myth_of_Progress.aspx?ID=111"><i><span style="color: #943634; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">Science
and the Myth of Progress </span></i></a></span><span style="color: #943634; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: TA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-themecolor: accent2; mso-themeshade: 191;">.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #2f0ab6; font-family: "Comic Sans MS"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Source : <a href="http://www.worldwisdom.com/public/authors/EF-Schumacher.aspx"><span style="color: #2f0ab6;">http://www.worldwisdom.com/public/authors/EF-Schumacher.aspx</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></div>E F Schumacher followerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17311601303813514752noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1849678623454259323.post-86254877061616176072012-03-06T20:37:00.001-08:002012-03-07T06:11:19.154-08:00<br />
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<b><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="color: blue;">E.F.Schumacher: A Man of Solutions to All Era’s</span><o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The world is in a
transformative mood due to unfolding immense challenges. Options and
alternatives are suggested by various experts to overcome the present and
future critical situations. To the developing countries like Sri Lanka, it is
inevitable to catch up in those clouds. The people in the island nation of Sri
Lanka already tired with war and they are not daring to face a negative
economic effect, which can shake even their daily life.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">On one hand the country
is currently facing internal crisis, especially with regard to economic affairs
and energy issue. On the other hand, the mounting international pressures
related to past human rights abuses might create an imbalance in Sri Lanka’s
economy. In general, there are possibilities that Sri Lanka will face
instability in different levels.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Therefore, it is crucial
to discuss about some concrete and constructive mechanism to deal with it,
before it’s too late. </span><em><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">“Are there not indeed enough ‘signs of the times’ to indicate
a new start is needed?”</span></em><a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hiroshi/Desktop/For%20Nipun/E.F.Schumacher%20A%20Man%20of%20Solutions%20to%20All%20Era%E2%80%99s%20(1).docx#_ftn1" name="_ftnref1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span></i></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Sri
Lanka is not just a small country, but with unlimited resources and unthinkable
capacity, whether we discover it or not, it is the reality. Thus, it is vital
how to prevent and overcome the challenges.
Small is not just beautiful, but meaningful and useful to developing
countries. Thus, this leads to consider the importance of Fritz Schumacher or
well known as EF Schumacher. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Fritz Schumacher was
born in Bonn, Germany and worked as an economist in Britain. His fascinating
ideas are well known in relevant to energy, economics, education, development,
decentralization, technology and organization & ownership. While he worked
for </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">British National Coal Board as Economic Adviser he recognised
the crucial role of energy in all economic activity. As early as 1955 he began
to warn against a world dependence on oil. His visits to Burma in
1955 and India in the early 1960s convinced Schumacher that Western technology
was not the answer to world poverty. In 1965 he founded the Intermediate
Technology Development Group (now Practical Action) to identify and provide
appropriate levels of technology for developing countries.<a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hiroshi/Desktop/For%20Nipun/E.F.Schumacher%20A%20Man%20of%20Solutions%20to%20All%20Era%E2%80%99s%20(1).docx#_ftn2" name="_ftnref2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; color: black; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></a><span class="apple-converted-space"> </span></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #fefefe; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Also, he was the founder of the development
charity Practical Action.<span style="color: #444444;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">His
philosophies became popular during 1970s, particularly, during 1973 energy
crisis. At the same period, </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">he had become a leading voice in the emerging
environmental movement, warning not only about a future energy crisis but also
about the consequences of agricultural and industrial pollution.</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">
Throughout, his renowned book entitled, </span><i><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Small Is
Beautiful: Economics As If People Mattered was released as an answer to the
1973 energy crisis.</span></i><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 150%;">
</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">This
book became one of the 100 most influential books published in last seven
decades.</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> There are philosophers who live in the history
for long time and economic history is living with uniqueness due to
Schumacher’s concepts. It’s nearly a
four decades ago his philosophy became famous, but remarkable still very
effective and efficient to solve the ongoing economic crisis. It is because,
his ideas are have sustainable perspective and applicable to implement easily
in most contexts, whether it’s in developed countries or in developing
countries. </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;"> </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">The modern pursuit of the consumerist growth model has
hampered the adoption of many of EF Schumacher's key ideas. The consumerist
growth model that has dominated western and most developing country economics
for the past 100 years has led to the fastest improvements in living standards
in history, not just for the rich, but also for the poor.<span class="MsoFootnoteReference"> <a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hiroshi/Desktop/For%20Nipun/E.F.Schumacher%20A%20Man%20of%20Solutions%20to%20All%20Era%E2%80%99s%20(1).docx#_ftn3" name="_ftnref3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></a></span>
More importantly, his ideas widely shaped the environment movements, despite of
criticisms that those movements could not make a significant impact in
political decision making process. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Nevertheless, values of his thinking have been realized
during the negative trends of global economy and it’s leads to the adoptable
avenues of sustainability and environmental action. New projects are emerging,
which has </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">Schumacher’s thinking and his concepts in the
heart of the mandate as his thinking leads to manage and allocate the earth
resources fairly. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%;">It again proves that Schumacher’s
concepts are solution to whether it is the problem of or for human beings or
nature. Schumacher’s ideas are not only answer for our current broken global
economic system, but to robust health, prosperity and peace of mind of people
in any society in any part of the world, especially, considering the current
situation of Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hiroshi/Desktop/For%20Nipun/E.F.Schumacher%20A%20Man%20of%20Solutions%20to%20All%20Era%E2%80%99s%20(1).docx#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">[1]</span></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-CA"> </span><span lang="EN-CA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; font-family: Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 9pt; line-height: 115%;">E.F
Schumacher, Small is Beautiful (P.58)</span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hiroshi/Desktop/For%20Nipun/E.F.Schumacher%20A%20Man%20of%20Solutions%20to%20All%20Era%E2%80%99s%20(1).docx#_ftnref2" name="_ftn2" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[2]</span></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-CA"> <a href="http://www.ef-schumacher.org/top1/About%20Schumacher.asp?top=1&sid=309&tid=309&mid=188">http://www.ef-schumacher.org/top1/About%20Schumacher.asp?top=1&sid=309&tid=309&mid=188</a></span></div>
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<a href="file:///C:/Documents%20and%20Settings/Hiroshi/Desktop/For%20Nipun/E.F.Schumacher%20A%20Man%20of%20Solutions%20to%20All%20Era%E2%80%99s%20(1).docx#_ftnref3" name="_ftn3" title=""><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA"><span class="MsoFootnoteReference"><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">[3]</span></span></span></span></a><span lang="EN-CA"> <a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2011/jun/08/fritz-schumacher-economic-environmental-visionary">http://www.guardian.co.uk/global-development/poverty-matters/2011/jun/08/fritz-schumacher-economic-environmental-visionary</a></span></div>
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</div>E F Schumacher followerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17311601303813514752noreply@blogger.com0